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- What is diversity
- More than gender
- backgrounds experiences and lifestyles
- not always visable
- sexuality, age, language, class, race, ability
- Terms
- Intersectionality
- The interaction of traits (race, sex, etc) and how people treat you beacuse of that
- Privilege
- unearned advantages a person gets for a perceived trait
- Education, access to technology, higher pay, assumed competency, quality of network
- Seen as a skill-set instead of traits
- Easily fit/identify with subculture
- Stereotype Threat
- Worry you will confirm the stereotype that is applied to you
- Lots of pressure
- Imposter Syndrome
- Unable to internalise their accomplishments
- almost anyone can suffer
- less likely to apply for jobs, apply to talk at conferences or even attend conferences
- Marginalised
- Doesn’t fit into the default groups
- their needs or desires being ignored
- Even marginalised groups marginalise others, nobody is trait blind
- Women are about 20% of tech
- Maybe Women aren’t into programming
- Women like Grace Hopper prominat in field early
- No physical of biological difference in race or gender affecting programming ability
- Bulgaria
- 73% of CS Students are women
- teach children in schools that STEM is important to everybody, push everybody towards it
- Diversity matters –
- Companies that are more diverse tend to have better sales, profits, etc
- Diverse teams:
- solve complex problems faster
- more creative and stimulated
- get better decisions and generate for something
- financial viability and success
- Why lack of diversity?
- Pipeline
- Difference in toys and games for boys and girls
- no famous role models that represent them
- Access to technology. On average Boys get first computer at age 11, girls at age 14. Early teens great best age to learn and retain skills
- Geek stereotypes
- people who don’t identify and aren’t represented by the geek stereotype are turned off by those who do
- Attrition
- 56% of women leave tech in 10 years
- twice the rate of men
- our Grandmothers more likely to be programmers than our granddaughters are
- Why attrition?
- Harassment
- People in marginalised groups twice as likely to report being harassed or mistreated
- men 2.7 more likely to be promoted to higher ranking positions
- Why can I do about this stuff?
- Change starts with us
- educate people who don’t understand this problem
- Get to know people different from us – talk to people wearing a specific color that day
- Follow people on twitter that are different from you
- bias & discrimination are often subtle
- learn to apologize
- Talk about these issues openly ” That’s not cool 🙁 “
- increase education and access
- Facilitate event for marginalised groups
- work with colleges and universities to remove bias
- “have you programmed before?”
- Thinks about what the “about” page of your website looks like
- Think about the company culture
- Job listing language and requirements – joblint.org
- Interviewing
- equal pay
- mentoring and career goal attainment
- Several recent cases
- Australian law deals by exception, under copyright except where “fair dealing” , “fair use” etc allowed specicly by law
- ALRC Review
- More exceptions or general “fair use”
- Report not yet tabled, but interim discussion paper released
- Kookaburra
- Song from 1932
- “Down under” 1981
- Nobody noticed till 2007 when on TV Quiz show
- Court decided infringing
- Two culturally significant songs
- Fair Use vs Fair dealing
- Fair dealing has specific exceptions
- Things are not fair dealing
- Sampling
- non commercial use of incidental music
- memes
- commercial services to allow recording in the cloud
- stoarage of copyright material
- copying DVD to other devices
- search engines (thumbnails)
- digital archiving
- More exceptions?
- Quotations
- in the Berne Convention
- anachronistic term
- doesn’t cover transformation, implies verbatim use
- Transformation
- not a substitute for the original work
- low threshold – undermines creators rights
- high threshold – confusing, how much change needed
- How does commercial use fit?
- Hard for court to decide
- Private and Domestic use
- Format shifting and time shifting exists already (VHS only, not DVD)
- doesn’t cover the cloud
- not technology neutral
- Canadian more technology neutral but “non-commercial” bit heard to define
- Fair Use
- See US Copyright Act
- Fair Use in Australia
- Fairness facter
- illustrative uses (non-exhaustive)
- flexible defence, weighing up the factors
- Advantages
- Balance
- Flexible
- aligns with community expectations
- Against Fair Use
- Uncertainly ( parliament vs law)
- Requires litigation
- Originated from different legal enviroment
- The reply to objections
- Uncertainty – See normal consumer law with terms like “unfair contracts” , “misleading and deceptive conduct”
- Different legal env – same common law roots, AUSFTA meant to “harmonise” copyright law.
- International Law , 3 step test – The US gets away with it, never chellenged
- Govt unlikely to go forward with fair use based on their leanings
- The introduction of a Fair Use defence would encourage Australian innovation
- “General the US likes to export the ‘bad parts’ of it’s copyright law, not the ‘good bits’ “
